🥭 Guava (Psidium guajava) –

Particular	Answer
Scientific Name	Psidium guajava L.
Family	Myrtaceae
Chromosome Number	2n = 22
Fruit Type	Berry
Edible Portion	Pericarp & Placenta
Pollination	Mainly Cross-pollinated (often by insects)
Propagation	Vegetative (Air layering, Grafting, Budding)

Particular	Answer
Centre of Origin	Tropical America (Mexico to Peru)
Introduced in India	By the Portuguese

Parameter	Requirement
Climate	Tropical & Subtropical
Optimum Temperature	23–28°C
Rainfall	1000–1200 mm
Frost	Young plants are susceptible

Parameter	Requirement
Soil Type	Well-drained loam to clay loam
Soil pH	5.0–7.5
Tolerance	Moderately tolerant to salinity and drought

Particular	Recommendation
Planting Season	July–August / February–March
Spacing	6 × 6 m (Normal)
High Density	3 × 2 m or 2 × 1 m
Propagation	Air layering, Patch budding, Wedge grafting

Practice	Purpose
Training	Open centre / Modified leader
Pruning	Encourages new shoots and improves fruiting
Bahar Treatment	Regulates flowering and fruiting

Disease	Causal Organism
Wilt ⭐⭐⭐	Fusarium oxysporum / Macrophomina phaseolina (complex)
Anthracnose	Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Fruit Canker	Pestalotiopsis psidii
Algal Leaf Spot	Cephaleuros virescens

Pest	Scientific Name
Fruit Fly ⭐⭐⭐	Bactrocera dorsalis
Bark Eating Caterpillar	Indarbela quadrinotata
Tea Mosquito Bug	Helopeltis antonii
Mealybug	Ferrisia virgata

Disorder	Cause
Fruit Cracking	Moisture fluctuation, boron deficiency
Fruit Drop	Water stress, nutrient imbalance
Sun Scald	High temperature

Particular	Recommendation
Bearing Starts	2–3 years (vegetatively propagated)
Harvesting Stage	Mature green to yellowish-green fruits
Harvesting Method	Hand picking

Type	Yield
Mature Orchard	20–30 t/ha
High-density Orchard	Up to 40 t/ha

Parameter	Recommendation
Storage Temperature	5–8°C
Relative Humidity	85–90%
Storage Life	2–3 weeks

Operation	Purpose
Washing	Remove dirt
Grading	Uniform quality
Packaging	CFB boxes
Cold Storage	Extend shelf life

Variety	Special Feature
Allahabad Safeda ⭐⭐⭐	Excellent white flesh, commercial variety
Lucknow-49 (Sardar) ⭐⭐⭐	High yielding, most popular
Arka Amulya	Pink flesh
Arka Kiran	Deep pink pulp
Lalit	Pink flesh
Shweta	White flesh
Pant Prabhat	Early variety
Hisar Safeda	High yield

Institute	Location
ICAR-CISH	Lucknow
ICAR-IIHR	Bengaluru
IARI	New Delhi

Particular	Answer
Largest Producer	India
Major Producing States	Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
Largest Exporter	India (among major exporters of fresh guava)

Term	Meaning
Bahar Treatment ⭐⭐⭐	Regulation of flowering season
Berry	Fruit type
Air Layering	Common propagation method
Fruit Fly	Major pest
Wilt	Most serious disease

Question	Answer
Scientific Name	Psidium guajava
Family	Myrtaceae
Fruit Type	Berry
Edible Portion	Pericarp & Placenta
Origin	Tropical America
Introduced in India by	Portuguese
Best Propagation Method	Air layering
Major Disease	Guava Wilt
Major Pest	Fruit Fly
Popular Variety	Lucknow-49 (Sardar)
White-fleshed Variety	Allahabad Safeda
Pink-fleshed Variety	Arka Kiran
Best Irrigation	Drip
Critical Stage	Flowering & Fruit Development
Storage Temperature	5–8°C
Largest Producer	India
Research Institute	ICAR-CISH, Lucknow

Question	Answer
Scientific name of guava	Psidium guajava
Family of guava	Myrtaceae
Fruit type	Berry
Major disease	Guava Wilt
Major insect pest	Fruit Fly
Best propagation method	Air Layering
Most popular variety	Lucknow-49 (Sardar)
White-fleshed variety	Allahabad Safeda
Institute for guava research	ICAR-CISH, Lucknow
Largest producer of guava	India

Topic	Remember
Scientific Name	Psidium guajava
Family	Myrtaceae
Fruit Type	Berry
Origin	Tropical America
Propagation	Air Layering
Major Disease	Guava Wilt
Major Pest	Fruit Fly (Bactrocera dorsalis)
Famous Variety	Lucknow-49 (Sardar)
White Variety	Allahabad Safeda
Research Institute	ICAR-CISH, Lucknow
Best Irrigation	Drip Irrigation
Largest Producer	India