🍎 Pomegranate (Punica granatum)

Particular	Answer
Scientific Name	Punica granatum L. ⭐⭐⭐
Family	Lythraceae (Earlier: Punicaceae) ⭐⭐⭐
Chromosome Number	2n = 16
Fruit Type	Balausta ⭐⭐⭐
Edible Portion	Arils (Juicy seed coat)
Pollination	Mostly Cross-pollinated (Insect pollinated)
Propagation	Hardwood Cuttings ⭐⭐⭐
Economic Life	25–30 years

Particular	Answer
Centre of Origin	Iran (Persia) to Afghanistan ⭐⭐⭐
Introduced in India	Ancient times

Parameter	Requirement
Climate	Tropical & Subtropical
Temperature	25–35°C
Rainfall	500–1000 mm
Frost	Sensitive
Drought	Highly tolerant ⭐⭐⭐

Parameter	Requirement
Soil Type	Well-drained loam to sandy loam
Soil pH	6.5–7.5
Salinity	Moderately tolerant

Particular	Recommendation
Planting Season	June–July / February
Spacing	5 × 5 m ⭐⭐⭐
Plant Population	400 plants/ha
Propagation	Hardwood Cuttings

Particular	Answer
Best Method	Drip Irrigation ⭐⭐⭐
Critical Stage	Flowering & Fruit Development
Water Requirement	Moderate

Bahar	Flowering Season
Mrig Bahar	June–July ⭐⭐⭐
Hasta Bahar	September–October
Ambe Bahar	January–February

Most popular: Mrig Bahar

Disease	Causal Organism
Bacterial Blight ⭐⭐⭐	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae
Cercospora Leaf Spot	Cercospora punicae
Anthracnose	Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Wilt	Ceratocystis fimbriata

Pest	Scientific Name
Fruit Borer ⭐⭐⭐	Deudorix isocrates
Aphid	Aphis punicae
Mealy Bug	Ferrisia virgata
Thrips	Scirtothrips dorsalis

Disorder	Cause
Fruit Cracking ⭐⭐⭐	Irregular irrigation + Boron deficiency
Sunburn	High temperature
Fruit Drop	Moisture stress

Particular	Recommendation
Bearing Starts	2–3 years
Harvesting	5–6 months after flowering
Harvest Index	Fruits develop characteristic colour

Type	Yield
Average	15–20 t/ha
Well-managed Orchard	20–25 t/ha

Parameter	Recommendation
Temperature	5–7°C
Relative Humidity	90–95%
Storage Life	2–3 months

Grading, Washing, Waxing, Packaging, Cold Storage, Export

Variety	Feature
Bhagwa ⭐⭐⭐	Export quality, deep red fruits
Ganesh ⭐⭐⭐	Soft seeds
Arakta	Dark red arils
Mridula	High yield
Ruby	Commercial
Jyoti	Popular

Institute	Location
ICAR-IIHR	Bengaluru
ICAR-CIAH	Bikaner
NRC on Pomegranate (Now ICAR-NRCG Section) ⭐⭐⭐	Solapur, Maharashtra

Particular	Answer
Largest Producer	India ⭐⭐⭐
Largest Producing State	Maharashtra ⭐⭐⭐
Other Major States	Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan

Term	Meaning
Balausta ⭐⭐⭐	Fruit type of pomegranate
Arils	Edible juicy seed coat
Bahar Treatment	Flower regulation practice
Mrig Bahar	June–July flowering season

Question	Answer
Scientific Name	Punica granatum
Family	Lythraceae
Fruit Type	Balausta
Edible Portion	Arils
Origin	Iran (Persia)
Best Propagation	Hardwood Cuttings
Best Irrigation	Drip
Major Disease	Bacterial Blight
Causal Organism	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae
Major Pest	Fruit Borer
Physiological Disorder	Fruit Cracking
Best Variety	Bhagwa
Soft Seed Variety	Ganesh
Largest Producer	India
Largest State	Maharashtra
Popular Bahar	Mrig Bahar

Question	Answer
Scientific name of pomegranate	Punica granatum
Family	Lythraceae
Fruit type	Balausta
Edible portion	Arils
Best propagation method	Hardwood Cuttings
Major disease	Bacterial Blight
Fruit cracking occurs due to	Irregular irrigation & Boron deficiency
Export variety	Bhagwa
Soft seed variety	Ganesh
Largest producing state	Maharashtra
Popular flowering season	Mrig Bahar

Topic	Remember
Scientific Name	Punica granatum
Family	Lythraceae
Fruit Type	Balausta
Edible Portion	Arils
Propagation	Hardwood Cuttings
Best Irrigation	Drip
Major Disease	Bacterial Blight
Major Pest	Fruit Borer (Deudorix isocrates)
Physiological Disorder	Fruit Cracking
Export Variety	Bhagwa
Soft Seed Variety	Ganesh
Largest Producer	India
Largest Producing State	Maharashtra
Popular Bahar	Mrig Bahar
Research Centre	NRC on Pomegranate, Solapur